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Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma on the in vitro Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Distinct Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds: The Specific Surface Area Makes a Difference

¹ Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
² Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
³ Institute for Immunology/Blood Bank, University of Heidelberg 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
⁴ Dr. h.c. Robert Mathys Foundation, CH-2544, Bettlach, Switzerland

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

	Abstract

The in vitro effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on cell loading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is assessed on distinct resorbable and synthetic calcium phosphate scaffolds. A high specific surface area scaffold composed of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA; 48 m²/g) is compared with one made out of -tricalcium phosphate (-TCP; surface area < 0.5 m²/g). Fivefold concentrated fresh PRP is applied to scaffolds loaded with 2 x 10⁵ MSC (n = 5). These constructs are kept in a medium with osteogenic supplements for 3 weeks. The addition of PRP leads to a higher cell loading efficiency of MSC on CDHA (p = 0.0001), that reaches the values of -TCP. Proliferation over 21 days is improved by PRP both on CDHA (p = 0.0001) and -TCP (p = 0.014) compared to MSC/calcium phosphate composites. Without the addition of PRP, CDHA has a lower cell loading efficiency (p = 0.0001) and proliferation (p = 0.001) than -TCP. The ALP activity is higher in the MSC/ceramics groups than in the monolayer controls (p < 0.05). The addition of PRP does not significantly affect ALP activity. However, ALP activity varies considerably within the cell donors and different PRP-pools (p = 0.001), while the cell numbers do not vary within these two parameters. PRP generates a positive effect on the loading efficiency of MSC on the high specific surface scaffold CDHA that thereby reaches the loading efficiency of -TCP. PRP improved proliferation, but its osteogenic properties on both calcium phosphate scaffolds are weak.

Key Words: platelet rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, calcium phosphate scaffolds, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite, -tricalcium phosphate, tissue engineering, bone regeneration, bone healing.

First published on July 16, 2008, doi:10.1177/0885328207088269

Journal of Biomaterials Applications 2008;23:169.

A more recent version of this article appeared on September 1, 2008


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