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Journal of Biomaterials Applications
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Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Osteoblasts within 3D printed Poly-Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid Scaffolds

Zigang Ge

Peking University, Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore

Lishan Wang

Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore

Boon Chin Heng

National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore

Xian-Feng Tian

National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore

Kai Lu

National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore

Victor Tai Weng Fan

National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore

Jin Fei Yeo

National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore

Tong Cao

National University of Singapore, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Singapore, omscaot{at}nus.edu.sg

Eunice Tan

National University of Singapore, Division of Bioengineering, Singapore

Bone repair and regeneration can be enhanced through implantation of biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds, which serve primarily as osteoconductive moieties. In this study, the mechanical properties and microenviroment of 3D printed poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffolds are examined. Additionally, the proliferation and differentiation of human fetal osteoblasts are evaluated after 3 weeks of in vitro culture on the scaffolds. The results showed that the PLGA scaffolds examined had mechanical properties similar to that of trabecular bone, but was still much weaker compared to cortical bone. In addition to general porosity, the PLGA scaffolds also had micropores within macropore walls. Cultured human osteoblasts could proliferate upon seeding on the PLGA scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteonectin expression of the osteoblasts cultured on the PLGA scaffolds remained stable over three weeks, whilst expression of collagen type I and osteopontin decreased. The alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblasts cultured on PLGA scaffolds is comparable with that from two commercially-available scaffolds — OPLA and collagen scaffolds (Becton—Dickinson (BD) Inc., Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Hence, the results suggested that the PLGA scaffolds examined are conducive for promoting osteogenesis.

Key Words: Osteoblast • scaffold • 3D printing • osteogenesis.

This version was published on May 1, 2009

Journal of Biomaterials Applications, Vol. 23, No. 6, 533-547 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0885328208094301
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