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Journal of Biomaterials Applications
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Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma on the in vitro Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Distinct Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds: The Specific Surface Area Makes a Difference

Philip Kasten

Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany, Philip.Kasten{at}gmx.de

Julia Vogel

Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany

Ingo Beyen

Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany

Stefan Weiss

Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany

Philipp Niemeyer

Department for Orthopaedics and Traumatology University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

Albrecht Leo

Institute for Immunology/Blood Bank, University of Heidelberg 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Reto Lüginbuhl

Dr. h.c. Robert Mathys Foundation, CH-2544, Bettlach, Switzerland

The in vitro effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on cell loading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is assessed on distinct resorbable and synthetic calcium phosphate scaffolds. A high specific surface area scaffold composed of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA; 48m2/g) is compared with one made out of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP; surface area <0.5 m2/g). Fivefold concentrated fresh PRP is applied to scaffolds loaded with 2 x 105 MSC (n = 5). These constructs are kept in a medium with osteogenic supplements for 3 weeks. The addition of PRP leads to a higher cell loading efficiency of MSC on CDHA (p = 0.0001), that reaches the values of β-TCP. Proliferation over 21 days is improved by PRP both on CDHA (p = 0.0001) and β-TCP (p = 0.014) compared to MSC/calcium phosphate composites. Without the addition of PRP, CDHA has a lower cell loading efficiency (p= 0.0001) and proliferation (p= 0.001) than β-TCP. The ALP activity is higher in the MSC/ceramics groups than in the monolayer controls (p<0.05). The addition of PRP does not significantly affect ALP activity. However, ALP activity varies considerably within the cell donors and different PRP-pools (p = 0.001), while the cell numbers do not vary within these two parameters. PRP generates a positive effect on the loading efficiency of MSC on the high specific surface scaffold CDHA that thereby reaches the loading efficiency of β-TCP. PRP improved proliferation, but its osteogenic properties on both calcium phosphate scaffolds are weak.

Key Words: platelet rich plasma • mesenchymal stem cells • calcium phosphate scaffolds • calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite • β-tricalcium phosphate • tissue engineering • bone regeneration • bone healing.

This version was published on September 1, 2008

Journal of Biomaterials Applications, Vol. 23, No. 2, 169-188 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0885328207088269
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