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Exothermal Characteristics and Release of Residual Monomers from Fiber-reinforced Oligomer-modified Acrylic Bone Cement

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterials Research, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, mervi.puska{at}utu.fi

Lippo V.J. Lassila

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterials Research, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Allan J. Aho

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterials Research, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Antti Yli-Urpo

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterials Research, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Pekka K. Vallittu

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry & Biomaterials Research, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

Ilkka Kangasniemi

Vivoxid Ltd., Turku, Finland

The aim of this study is to determine the peak temperature of polymerization, the setting time and the release of residual monomers of a modified acrylic bone cement. Palacos^®R, a commercial bone cement, is used as the main component. The cement is modified by adding short glass fibers and resorbable oligomer fillers, and an additional cross-linking monomer. The test specimens are classified according to the composition of the bone cement matrix (i.e., oligomer-filler, glass-fiber reinforcement, and/or cross-linking monomer). The exothermal characteristics during autopolymerization are analyzed using a transducer connected with a computer. The quantities of residual monomers were analyzed from different test groups using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The T value for the oligomer filler and the glass-fiber-containing acrylic bone cement is lower than that for the unmodified bone cement (2.1±0.8 vs. 23.5±4.2°C). The addition of a cross-linking monomer, EGDMA, shortens the setting time of the autopolymerization of the unmodified bone cement (7.1±0.9min vs. 3.3 ±0.3min). The quantity of the residual monomers released is higher in the modified bone cement than that in the unmodified cement. The cement that contains glass fibers and oligomer fillers has a considerably lower exothermal peak, whereas the total quantity of residual monomers released is increased.

Key Words: acrylic bone cement • exothermic characteristics • release of residual monomer

Journal of Biomaterials Applications, Vol. 20, No. 1, 51-64 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0885328205048647


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