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In Vitro Stability of Polyether and Polycarbonate Urethanes

Bioengineering Department, Polytechnic of Milan, P.zza L. Da Vinci 32-20133 Milano, Italy, tanzi{at}biomed.polimi.it

Silvia Farè

Bioengineering Department, Polytechnic of Milan, P.zza L. Da Vinci 32-20133 Milano, Italy

Paola Petrini

Bioengineering Department, Polytechnic of Milan, P.zza L. Da Vinci 32-20133 Milano, Italy

The in vitro structural stability of poly-ether-urethanes (PEUs) and poly-carbonate-urethanes (PCUs) was examined under strong acidic (HNO₃) or alkaline (NaClO) oxidative conditions and in presence of a constant strain state.

Polyurethane (PU) samples were represented by sheets solvent-cast from commercial pellets or by tubular specimens cut from commercial catheters. The specimens were strained at 100% uniaxial elongation over appropriate extension devices and completely immersed into the oxidative solutions at 50'C for 7-14 days. The changes induced by the oxidative treatments were then evaluated by molecular weight analysis, tensile mechanical tests, and scanning electron microscopy. In the experiments with solvent-cast samples, the PEU Pellethane was degraded more in the alkaline oxidative conditions and mainly in the absence of an applied uniaxial stress. All the tested PCUs were, on the contrary, more affected by the acidic oxidative agent. All the PCUs proved to have overall better stability than the PEU. The susceptibility to oxidation was also dependent on the shape and bulk/surface organisation acquired by the same polymer during its processing. When the oxidative test was applied to catheters made of a PEU and a PCU, the results confirmed the better stability of poly-carbonate-urethanes.

Key Words: polyurethanes • oxidative aging • nitric acid • sodium hypochlorite • stress conditions

Journal of Biomaterials Applications, Vol. 14, No. 4, 325-348 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/088532820001400402


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