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Journal of Biomaterials Applications
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Effects of Double Cross-Linking Technique on the Enzymatic Degradation and Calcification of Bovine Pericardia

Sindhu C. Vasudev

Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala-605 012, India

Thomas Chandy

Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala-605 012, India

Chandra P. Sharma

Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala-605 012, India

Mira Mohanty

Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala-605 012, India

P. R. Umasankar

Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala-605 012, India

The strength, resorption rates, and biocompatibility of collagenous biomaterials are profoundly influenced by the method of cross-linking. The in vitro and in vivo calcification and enzymatic degradation of bovine pericardia (BP) after a series of surface modifications were studied as a function of exposure time. Collagenase degradations of modified BP were monitored by scanning electron microscopy and tensile strength measurements. Bovine pericardium was modified by a combination of different tissue fixatives such as glutaraldehyde (GA), carbodiimide (EDC), diisocyanate (HMDIC), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). GA-PEG-EDC-PEG and GA-PEG-HMDIC-PEG combination treated BP retained maximum stability in collagenase digestion compared to GATBP In vitro calcification studies and in vivo rat subcutaneous implantations of modified pericardium have shown substantial reduction in the calcification of double cross-linked BP with PEG modification. Further, the biocompatibility aspects of pericardial tissues were established by platelet adhesion and octane contact angle. It seems that cross-links involving amino and carboxyl residues may provide new ways of controlling biodegradation and calcification.

Key Words: cross-linking • biodegradation • collagenase • glutaraldehyde • carbodiimide • hexamethylene diisocyanate • calcification • polyethylene glycol

Journal of Biomaterials Applications, Vol. 14, No. 3, 273-295 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/088532820001400305
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