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Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Cellulose/Soy Protein Isolate Composite Sponges

¹ Research Center for Medical and Structural Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
² Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
³ Bioproducts and Bioprocesses National Science Program Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place Saskatoon S7N 0X2, SK, Canada

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

	Abstract

A series of cellulose/soy protein isolate (SPI) sponges was prepared using a freeze-drying process. The effect of the SPI content on?the?structure of the sponges was characterized by Fourier transform infrared?spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It showed that the sponges were porous in?structure,?and?that the size of the pores increased and the thickness of?the?pore walls?decreased as the SPI content of the sponges increased. The?biocompatibility and?biodegradability of the sponges were evaluated in?vitro in vivo. The?cell?culture experiment and SEM observations showed?that?L929 fibroblast?cells grew and spread well on the?surface?and?cross-section of?the?composite sponges. The results from MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazoly1]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay indicated that the cell?viability of L929 cultured in extracts from SPI-containing sponges was higher than that from the pure cellulose sponge. The historical analysis and SEM observation revealed that the SPI-containing sponges implanted from 1?to?8 months in rats exhibited better in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradability than the pure cellulose sponge. This?was?due to the incorporation of SPI into cellulose and to the freeze-drying process which formed large pores and thin?pore walls in the composite sponges, promoting the migration of cells and tissue into the sponges, leading to gradual fusing with the?implants. The new cellulose/SPI sponges thus have potential applications as biomaterials with good biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Key Words: cellulose, soy protein isolate, composite, sponge, biocompatibility, biodegradation.

First published on November 25, 2008, doi:10.1177/0885328208099337
This version was published on January 28, 2009


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